ʻO ke kūpaʻa ʻino o Hastelloy

ʻO Hastelloy kahi huila Ni-Mo me ka haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa a me ka silicon content, kahi e hōʻemi ai i ka ua o ka carbide a me nā ʻāpana ʻē aʻe i ka weld a me nā wahi wela, a laila e hōʻoiaʻiʻo ai i ka weldability maikaʻi a hiki i ke kūlana welded. ʻO ke kūpaʻa ʻino. E like me kā mākou e ʻike ai, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o Hastelloy i ke kūpaʻa corrosion i nā ʻano media hoʻohaʻahaʻa like ʻole, a hiki ke kūpaʻa i ka corrosion o ka waika hydrochloric i kēlā me kēia mahana a me kekahi ʻano ma lalo o ke kaomi maʻamau. Loaʻa iā ia ke kūpaʻa corrosion maikaʻi i ka medium-concentration non-oxidizing sulfuric acid, nā ʻano ʻokoʻa like ʻole o ka phosphoric acid, kiʻekiʻe-mehana acetic acid, formic acid a me nā mea ʻokoʻa ʻē aʻe, bromic acid a me ke kinoea hydrogen chloride. I ka manawa like, ua kūpaʻa ʻo ia i ka corrosion e nā catalysts halogen. No laila, hoʻohana mau ʻia ʻo Hastelloy i nā ʻano hana ʻaila a me nā kaʻina hana kemika, e like me ka distillation a me ka ʻike o ka waika hydrochloric; alkylation o ka ethylbenzene a me ka carbonylation haʻahaʻa o ka acetic acid a me nā kaʻina hana ʻē aʻe. Eia nō naʻe, ua loaʻa i ka noi ʻoihana ʻo Hastelloy no nā makahiki he nui:

(1) Aia ʻelua mau ʻāpana sensitization ma Hastelloy alloy i loaʻa ka hopena nui i ke kū'ē ʻana i ka corrosion intergranular: ʻo ke kiʻekiʻe wela o 1200 ~ 1300 ° C a me ka wahi wela waena o 550 ~ 900 ° C;

(2) Ma muli o ka hoʻokaʻawale dendrite o ka metala weld a me ka wahi i hoʻopili ʻia i ka wela o ka alloy Hastelloy, ua hoʻoheheʻe ʻia nā ʻāpana intermetallic a me nā carbide ma nā palena o ka palaoa, e ʻoi aku ka maʻalahi o ka corrosion intergranular;

(3) He ʻino ka paʻa wela o Hastelloy ma ka wela waena. Ke hāʻule ka hao i loko o ka Hastelloy alloy ma lalo o 2%, ua maʻalahi ka huila i ka hoʻololi ʻana o ka pae β (ʻo ia hoʻi, ka pae Ni4Mo, kahi pūhui intermetallic i kauoha ʻia). I ka wā e noho ai ka huila i loko o ka mahana wela o 650 ~ 750 ℃ ​​no kahi manawa lōʻihi, ua hoʻokumu koke ʻia ka pae β. ʻO ka loaʻa ʻana o ka māhele β e hōʻemi i ka paʻakikī o Hastelloy alloy, e maʻalahi ia i ka corrosion stress, a ke kumu hoʻi i ka Hastelloy alloy Overall heat treatment) a me nā mea hana Hastelloy e haki ana i ka ʻoihana lawelawe. I kēia manawa, ʻo nā ʻano hoʻokolohua maʻamau no ka intergranular corrosion resistance o Hastelloy alloys i koho ʻia e koʻu ʻāina a me nā ʻāina ʻē aʻe o ka honua, ʻo ia ke ala maʻamau e hoʻolapalapa ai i ka waika hydrochloric, a ʻo ke ʻano loiloi ke ʻano o ka pohō kaumaha. No ka mea ʻo Hastelloy ka mea paʻa i ka waika hydrochloric corrosion, ʻo ke ala maʻamau e paila ana i ka waika hydrochloric he mea maʻalahi loa ia e hoʻāʻo ai i ke ʻano corrosion intergranular o Hastelloy. Ke hoʻohana nei nā keʻena noiʻi ʻepekema kūloko i ke ʻano waika hydrochloric kiʻekiʻe e aʻo ai i nā alloys Hastelloy a ʻike ʻia ʻo ke kūpaʻa ʻana o nā alloys Hastelloy ʻaʻole i hilinaʻi wale i kāna haku mele, akā i kāna kaʻina hana hoʻomalu wela. Ke hoʻomalu pono ʻole ʻia ke kaʻina hana wela, ʻaʻole wale nā ​​hua aniani o Hastelloy alloys e ulu, akā ʻo ka σ phase me ka Mo kiʻekiʻe e hoʻoheheʻe ʻia ma waena o nā kīʻaha. , ka palena palaoa etching hohonu o ka coarse-grained pā a me ka mea maʻamau pālua e pili ana i papalua.